• Menopause or climacteric is the part of a woman's life when changes occur in her hormonal system. It is the moment when menstruation stops.

• Various menstrual irregularities can begin 2 to 9 years before menopause, and a woman may have menopausal symptoms for a few years until menopause. So we have pre-menopausal phase, peri-menopausal and post-menopausal.

• The cause of menopause is the definitive cessation of ovarian function. The reduction of follicles results in the reduction of hormone production. The hormones (estrogen and progesterone) produced in the ovaries help the function of the uterus, the vagina, the breasts and affect the function of other organs and even the psyche of the woman.

• Common symptoms of menopause are hot flashes, sweating, tachycardia, anxiety, depression, hyperarousal, decreased sexual desire, vaginal atrophy, dryness, itching, infections, frequent urination, incontinence, loss of elasticity in the skin of the face and neck, wrinkles, hoarse voice , hair loss, hirsutism, joint pain and inflammation, muscle aches. Estrogen deficiency can cause osteoporosis and heart disease in a woman.

• The treatment given is hormone replacement. By oral administration tablets, transdermal systems, ointments for vaginal administration.